The Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered Essay - 1548 Words

In the United States, the legal drinking age is twenty-one. In all fifty states, however, there are exceptions for underaged drinking at home, under adult supervision, or for medical purposes (â€Å"Drinking Age†). Overall, the legal opportunities for any person under twenty-one to legally drink alcohol are very scarce. There are many different points, made by people from both sides of the issue about whether or not to lower the drinking age to eighteen, or leave it where it currently stands at twenty-one. Although each side has its own arguments, the legal drinking age should be lowered to eighteen years of age throughout all fifty United States. When you turn the age of 18 in the United States, you are considered an adult. Becoming an adult comes with its rights and responsibilities you can vote, smoke cigarettes, get married, serve on juries, sign contracts, join the military, and be prosecuted as an adult (â€Å"Drinking Age†). However, there is one thing you can no t do, and that is legally drink alcohol. As an adult, you should be able to make your own decision about drinking alcohol. Granted, there are many people who are twenty-one and over who are very irresponsible. When they drink, they do irresponsible things such as getting behind the wheel of a car. However, it doesn t matter if you are eighteen or sixty-seven you can still drink and be irresponsible. On the other hand, there are many young people who would drink responsibly and be safe. It is unfair that as youngShow MoreRelatedThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered973 Words   |  4 Pages The Legal Age for Drinking Alcohol Should Not Be Lowered To 18 In the United States. Every state has the right to set its own legal drinking age. However, according to George Will in an article he wrote in the Washington Post about the legal drinking age, â€Å"drinking age paradox† â€Å"lowering the drinking age will cost the state ten percent of its federal highway funds and cause a significant uproar from contractors and construction unions.† It is therefore in the best interest of every citizenRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe definition of the word adult is: â€Å"a person who has attained the age of maturity as specified by law†(Dictionary.com). If this is so, then why is it that in the United States 18 year olds are legally considered adults in our society, but they can’t legally buy or consume alcohol? Yet at this age they are able to vote in an election, get married, serve on a jury, live on their own, purchase cigarettes, adopt a child, and defend our country. These are not easy tasks for one to take on, yet our governmentRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered955 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States of America, the National Government requires the states to enforce a legal drinking age of twenty-one. Where as the world average drinking age is eighteen, and in some Countries it is even lower where it is possible to get a beer at sixteen years of age. Taking that into consideration, there is a great deal of controversy in the United States on what the legal age should be to purchase and consume an alcoholic beverage. The largest issue being that you are considered to be anRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1170 Words   |  5 PagesFor a majority of the 20th century, the United States drinking age has been a big issue. After prohibition had concluded in 1933, twenty- one was the new legal drinking age. Meanwhile, during the Vietnam War, eighteen became the new legal drinking age. Finally in 1984, Congress pa ssed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act (MLDA). Since then, twenty-one years old has been the legal age to drink in the United States. There are several ways alcohol has been a reason for death such as, alcohol poisoningRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1553 Words   |  7 Pagesold male who lives in Oregon. To celebrate his 18th birthday, he decided to go out with some friends and have a few drinks. He knows that the legal drinking age is 21, but he thinks what is the harm? I am 18 and in other countries, you are allowed to drink before you turn 21. Later that night as John gets in the car with his friends after a few hours of drinking, everything seems to be going well as they are driving down the freeway on their way over to his friend Dan’s house that is just a few milesRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered988 Words   |  4 PagesThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered There are copious amounts of people who believe that the legal drinking age should be lowered to eighteen. Others think the drinking age needs to remain the same. A few of those also conclude the legal age of adulthood should be raised to 21. The belief is if the adolescent brain has not matured enough to support alcohol use by age 21, it cannot make the responsible decisions required at 18 years of age. Voters should make the decision toRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered1117 Words   |  5 Pagesto the legal age of alcohol consumption have been going on for many years. While some feel that 21 should remain as the legal minimum consumption age, others disagree. By examining different aspects of alcohol consumption such as social motives and health related concerns one is more able to fully grasp the role that alcohol plays in our society. Through research and analyzation one can come to the conclusion that a lowered legal drinking age is not the answe r. The legal drinking age should not beRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1481 Words   |  6 Pagesthe century, underage drinking happens every day in the United States and for some this might seem unacceptable but for most this is all because an unfair law put up by the government. The legal drinking age should be lowered from 21 to 18 because, among other things; 18 is the age of adulthood in America and adults should have the right to make their own decisions, also traffic accidents and fatalities are most common among newly-legal drinkers regardless of their drinking age; and, this law has notRead MoreLegal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered2099 Words   |  9 Pages friends, and the feeling of being invincible. Although there are a legal alcohol drinking and purchasing age in various countries, it is easily accessible to those who are underage. Alcohol is a monitored and controlled substance that can be purchased legally, yet there are many concerns that surround t he substance. There are pros, cons, and different patterns regarding alcohol and the legal alcohol drinking and purchasing age. As a result of alcohol use, there have been many fatalities and injuriesRead MoreShould the Legal Drinking Age Be Lowered?2541 Words   |  11 Pagesabysmal failure. It hasnt reduced or eliminated drinking. It has simply driven it underground, behind closed doors, into the most risky and least manageable of settings,(Debate) said John McCardell of â€Å"Choose Responsibility†. Choose Responsibility is a non-profit organization that is for lowering the drinking age to 18. Young adults can vote, fight and die for their country overseas, and purchase tobacco at age 18, but why cannot they have a beer? Drinking among the youth in the United States has escalated

The Gospel Of The Bible - 922 Words

The historical Jesus has always been a fascinating character, one who has sparked controversy since the beginning of his time. For one, we have very little historical proof of the life of Jesus, just writing from â€Å"a Jewish Historian named Josephus, whose writing has been confirmed by archaeological studies.† (Fisher, 302). We also have writings about Jesus’ life, in particular all that can be found in the bible. One thing that is a constant mystery, that even the bible can’t fully answer, is the childhood of the historical Jesus. That is where the Infancy Gospel of Thomas comes into play, as it outlines his life as a child. The Infancy Gospel according to Thomas is believed to have been written sometime in the second century AD, with many believing it was written after The Gospel according to Luke. But, other scholars disagree with such findings. â€Å"Some scholars feel that its core may have been written even earlier than the canonical gospels.† (Fi sher, 305). Regardless, it is important to note that this gospel didn’t make the canon and that many doubt these stories that are documented, ever existed. I think this gospel didn’t make the cannon because of how Jesus is portrayed, and how it doesn’t add up to the rest of the gospels. The Infancy Gospel of Thomas portrays Jesus as a fraction of his adult self, who’s disobedient, and an arrogant/stubborn kid who abuses his powers to upset those around him. One thing that I think this gospel really tried to do, was make Jesus seemShow MoreRelatedThe Gospel Of The Bible2155 Words   |  9 PagesThe Gospel according to Luke is the third of the four Gospels found in the New Testament. This Gospel is the longest, and was originally joined to the Acts, making a two volume book. Irenaeus, Tertullian and Jerome, are examples of individual witnesses who named the author of the third Gospel, St. Luke; a physician from Antioch, and fellow companion of St. Paul. It is also evident in the preface, when Luke uses the first pronoun saying, â€Å"I too decided to write an orderly account† (1:1-4). MostRead MoreThe Morality Of The Four Gospels Of The Bible770 Words   |  4 PagesThe four gospels of the Bible (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) are constantly being criticized for their reliability. Many individuals argue that they are legends/myths instead of historical events. They point out that there are alleged contradictions and that the Gospels were written centuries after the lifetimes of the eyewitnesses. The challenge for people on the rebutting side, is to give enough substantial evidence to prove their reliability. The first argument that needs to be proven wrong isRead MoreThe Gospel Of Matthew : The Bible Of The Kingdom Of Heaven Essay2093 Words   |  9 PagesThe Gospel of Matthew is placed at the very beginning of the New Testament. It shares the story and teachings of Jesus. It has been estimated that at least one-third of Jesus’ recorded teaching is found in the parables (Wiersbe, â€Å"Windows On The Parables†, p. 15). The Gospel of Matthew contains over 23 parables. In these parables, Jesus shares stories that everyday people could relate to and understand the â€Å"mysteries of the kingdom of heaven†. Parables are shared in all three Synoptic Gospels, MatthewRead MoreWho Was Jesus According To The Gospels?. In The Bible,1694 Words   |  7 PagesWho Was Jesus According to the Gospels? In the Bible, there are four accounts of the life, death, and in some cases, resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth. All four of the Gospels cover the ministry of Jesus, his healings, signs, his crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The first three Gospels, the Synoptic Gospels, Matthew, Mark, and Luke are all fairly similar to one another. The Gospel of John on the other hand, is drastically different. Yes there are some key event that are covered in allRead MoreThe Gospel Of Matthew : Our Understanding Of The Holy Bible As A Whole991 Words   |  4 Pages The Gospels are integral to our understanding of The Holy Bible as a whole. The entire Old Testament builds to them, and the New Testament builds from them. Furthermore, The Gospel of Matthew is the foundation on which The Gospels themselves are built.Written for a Jewish audience- It is in Matthew that Jesus Christ, his ministry and his place in God’s plan for his children is revealed to us. Matthew wrote his Gospel primarily for his fellow Jews. He started by sharing the genealogy of JesusRead MoreGospel of Matthew in the New Testament674 Words   |  3 PagesMatthew is the first Gospel in the New Testament and is often considered to be the bridge between the Old Testament and the New Testament. It was once thought to have been the first written Gospel because of it being placed before all others, but that belief is not widely held (Hahn, n.d.). Just like much of the rest of the Bible, no one is truly sure who the author or authors of the Gospel of Matthew really were (Hahn, n.d.). While is it generally thought that Matthew, one of the Apostles ofRead MoreThe Gospel Of Jesus Gospel Essay1009 Words   |  5 PagesSummary The gospel of Jesus Christ is much more than Psalm Sunday, Good Friday, and Easter (Resurrection) Sunday. The King Jesus Gospel by Scot McKnight explains very clearly what the gospel of Jesus is and what it is not. It explains how the message of the gospel got lost between salvation, the Plan of salvation, justification, and the Method of Persuasion. While these things also involve Jesus and the gospel, they are not the gospel. They are the result of the gospel. McKnight discusses howRead More Definition And Discussion Of The Gospels Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pages The Gospels are narratives about the life and time of Jesus. They describe not only Jesus life but also what was taking place at that time. This helps to give us a better perception of why some things happened the way they did and what it was possibly like for Jesus. We are able to better understand some of the social and political aspects of life during Jesus time period, which can help us to overall understand the me aning behind the Gospels better. (Bible Dictionary) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TheRead MoreProsperity Gospel1546 Words   |  7 Pagesfactions in Christianity interpret the word of God can be categorized into different styles of gospel, such as evangelicalism and fundamentalism. One such category that is beginning to gain popularity in today’s society, often taught in megachurches, is Prosperity Gospel. Prosperity Gospel, also called the â€Å"Health and Wealth Gospel† by Scot McKnight’s internet article â€Å"The Problem for the Prosperity Gospel,† is the belief that if humans adhere to God’s will, then He will in turn bless them with prosperousRead MoreThe Gospels as Myths that Convey Moral Truths Rather than Record of Fact996 Words   |  4 PagesThe Gospels as Myths that Convey Moral Truths Rather than Record of Fact Statement Three – The Gospels should be regarded as myths that convey moral truths rather then record of fact. Question – Explain and assess this claim with reference to the different approaches to the New Testament and evaluate the consequences for Christians of holding such a position. Several of reasons have to be looked to see why was the Gospels written and what effect has it got on the

Blade Runner Response free essay sample

Scott demonstrates through various examples of Deckard’s behavior that the main attributes of being human is showing passions and emotions such as empathy, hate, love, compassion and even anger. By revealing Deckard as a replicant, Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner suggests that to find what it really means to be alive, one must consider the possibility that humanity may exist in biotechnology. When Deckard informs Rachael that she is a replicant, explaining that her photos are not real, only implanted memories, his reaction to her tears effectively demonstrate his honest emotional response. He tries to make her feel better by saying, â€Å"Ok, bad joke. I made a bad joke. You’re not a replicant. No, really. I’m sorry. † This display of empathy, that not even some of the true humans of Deckard’s time could accomplish, vividly demonstrates the nature of humanity. As a replicant, Deckard is supposed to be a genetically engineered being devoid of humanity and, yet, in this scene, Deckard begins to care about another person. We will write a custom essay sample on Blade Runner Response or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His desire to console Rachael expands the concept of acceptable replicant behavior. With this simple display of emotion, Deckard, as a replicant, is perceived as becoming more human. By recognizing beauty in Rachael, Deckard’s humanity is further validated. As Deckard’s feelings towards Rachael develop, additional emotions are revealed. When Rachael asks if Deckard saw her incept date, he turns away, looks downward and replies, â€Å"I (pause) I didn’t look at them. † However, this is not likely to be true. By not disclosing that information, Deckard shows compassion and mercy. The nature of humanity is to value life and the desire to live longer is a desire that we attribute to natural beings. Rachael does not want to die nor does she really want to know when that inevitable event will occur. By protecting Rachael from living in fear, the fear that knowing her incept date would evoke, Deckard essentially behaves more human than humans of his time. In essence, this event reflects that the replicants are not only achieving humanity, they are moving toward the ideal of humanity. Through the various scenes with Deckard and Rachael, Scott alludes to the idea that to be alive one must have empathic responses. While evolution is constantly mixing DNA, the rate of change caused by biotechnology is much greater. Because of this great change, it is difficult to imagine that human nature can follow. Thus, the replicants were believed to be devoid of humanity. Yet, during Deckard’s interactions with Rachael, he shows both empathy and compassion: very human traits. By doing so, he has demonstrated the nature of humanity. Therefore, the evidence of specific human traits suggests that humanity may exist in biotechnology. A replicant stops being just a replicant and becomes human when he has feelings, passions and emotions. Works Cited Blade Runner The Final Cut

Financial Accounting Assessment Of Sunshine LTD †Free Samples

Question: Discuss About The Financial Accounting Of Sunshine Assessment? Answer: Introduction The issue that would be discussed in the report deals with a large departmental store situated in Australia. In the report, there would be an assessment of financial accounting of an Australian company. The company has a properly defined ethics for its business and practices a definite and individualized strategy for running the business smoothly. As regards the accounting responsibilities of the company, it adopted the straight-line method for calculation of depreciation of its assets. As a result of using this depreciation method, the company witnessed a commendable increase in the profits, as recorded in the year 2015. But, for the next financial year, the method adopted in calculation of depreciation underwent a change from the straight line to the sum of years digits method (Berk and DeMarzo, 2012). This decision was taken considering the fact that this change would be more beneficial to the company for that financial year. The expectations of those involved in the management of the company following the profit enhancement in the previous year. In the opinion of great economic analyzers and strategists like the economist, inventive steps such as the change of depreciation method would sufficiently boost the profits in the years to come. According to the standard accounting principles, the constituents of the financial statement of Sunshine Ltd are the equity, profits, reliabilities of assets and the available capital. The board of directors and the management together has the responsibility to take over the leadership and supervision of the growth in marketing opportunities for the company. Most importantly they are responsible for presentation of the financial report (Bhimani and Dai, 2008). The governing body or the administrative body is concerned with the company's efficient operation and protection of shareholder rights as well as their value enhancement. The change of the method practiced for calculating depreciation gave rise to an imbalance in the model for cost and that for revolution included in AASB16. Also, the stockholders are disillusioned and unsatisfied with this change and may possibly resort to legal proceedings against the company too. Present financial condition of the company Statements dealing with compliance on financial matters that are in accordance with the financial statements of Sunshine Ltd have been designed by the Australian secretarial standards. The report published by the Queensland Treasury depicted minimum supplies of financial systems and a few other pronouncements that are reliable. With respect to the non-profitable statutory bodies applicable for non-profitable entities, the standard methods and the definitions compete with Australian accounting methods (Bodnar and Hopwood, 2013). The new rules or amendments made in the monetary matters have not yet been adopted explicitly. The equal opportunities and liabilities in the Coast Hospital of Sunshine Ltd include in some cases all expenses, values of property and revenues. An accounting that can be adjusted is required at the end of a financial year. The particular department offered financial support within a fortnight after being requested. Some transactions, as well as balances, have not been included in the documents containing the financial statements. It is a criterion for measuring the extent to which the operations are trustable with respect to accounts. Some of the other liabilities such as property and others are included in statements relating to accounting positions and notes on them. Others fall within the confidential status in the form of non-current data. Property falls under investments and that for cultural practices are evaluated with respect to present values after reports with expected provisions (Bragg, 2013). The assets kept for fulfilling cultural objectives, preserving the valuable heritage and those used as equipment in manufacturing plants are evaluated in terms of fair values. A few of the recorded liabilities and also some proceeds at a standard value given for acquiring material goods are accepted as satisfactory debt in the usual business proceedings. Ethics and governance of the company Having some authorization of punishment law is the inner power of a self-governing Governance company. Officially authorized processor servants observing by the private-public are done by the Governance. The wealthy life is against any action of any state. That system is acceptable as fair and right to help or maintain the countrys legal system, which leads people intelligent participatory. The behavior of ethical is a responsible of each in the society that they are supported well-organized better social host (Holton, 2012). Forcing into some situation provides an inducement that was considered as necessary to some immunity who might be the giver backhander. Executing in his task and action will mainly leading to the improved system of governance, but in order of behavior, such official will go faster with some better management. Legal communities arise to make an arrangement or some contract that must have to create legal obligations or some intentions that will be developed by som e social contract which is the vast enforcement which culminates into some contract (Horngren, 2011). Multiparty Agreements are intended to some faceplate to some trade agreements of aim into some reducing level that is liberalized or a phased manner. Some benefits of the increasing value of commerce are to regulate and provides with all parties. By technology or some computer information expansion of software, communication has changed the lifestyle almost so the gear of business processing that are under processing with some of the lots of rate advantages to the severe parties. Role that Accountants Play in Changing the Depreciation Method The concerned authority dealing in revenue services in the country sets guidelines which determine the depreciable lifetime of the fixed assets. The different methods adopted for reduction affect the balance sheet and assets in a variety of ways. The reduction can be described in simple terms as the expense that is required for businesses having fixed amount of assets. The depreciation method that is chosen by any company affects the statement of income as well as the value of the property as given on the balance sheet (Horngren, 2013). The assets here are considered as excluding land. In this case, the company Sunshine Ltd had decided to change the depreciation method from the straight line to sum-of-digits' years. As to as direct those profits in the year 2018 and 2019, the company's objective was to reduce the benefits during the next biennium, when there is a chance of an economic slowdown. For this purpose, the company had approached the accountant Maria Mars. In other words, Ma ria changed the pace of accumulation of the depreciation, which in turn affected the assets carrying value. Applying an accelerated methods of reduction would be suitable in this case, and Maria did exactly so. The method of depreciation called straight line method is characterized by the same expense in depreciation throughout the period when the asset is useful. The result is the reduction percentage of the property during each year. For instance, if the fixed asset were supposed to last for five years, the depreciation value would be calculated by adding the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and then diving each number by the sum i.e. 15 (Kew and Watson, 2012). This is a signal for some changes in the principle of accounting followed by the company. As a result of the change from straight line to accelerated method, there was a shift in accounting estimate of the depreciation of all assets. Significant Aspects of the Financial Statements For the incensement of the business confident in the year of 2015, the company wanted to go through the reversal process in the condition of the infrastructure. These issues had an impact on the annual financial presentation of the company Sunshine Ltd (Mott, 2008). For the opportunities of business, and employability, the growth of the companys financial condition was contributed by the regional project of the company. The company was interested in investing in several sectors like universities, entertainment, hospitals, and in the airports also. In the year of 2014, there were identified many funding resources, and many highly valued employees are found who had a great contribution to making a milestone of the company (Libby, Libby and Short, 2014). Many projects are found to be completed in the next years like power generation, water treatment, and storage, infrastructure related projects, water well, plants for oil and so on. At the end of the year of 2016, the company Sunshine Ltd had to face a huge decrease in economy. The different organization had been done many agreements for investing their shares. A group named Bright Hope had already contributed their shares which were bought by the company Sunshine Ltd. At the beginning of the year 2017, the company had done many agreements in return for payment (Rosen, 2005). Through the various agreements, the company tried to enhance and revalued their capital assets. During March 2017 they have introduced the assessment of the funds and the income. Sometimes they revised their funds for the incensement of some particular product like Bitumen. Effects on stockholders and AASB16 of the changing of depreciation method For the sustainability of the performance of the company the stakeholders always try to contribute a significant part of their investments. The stakeholders and the employees always should have a payment as a part of the success of the company. The valuable advice for the improvements of the performances of the company is always offered by their stakeholders and their employees. The company always tries to achieve their goal by the affecting stakeholder management, adopting few strategies and influencing their employees in different factors. The change of the depreciation method has a huge impact on their stakeholders (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). The changing of depreciation method can be the reason of the change of the income and the balance record. So it affects the overall financial performance of the company. The shareholders become worried about the changing financial programs of the company, so they want to take some steps and advised the company for the better financia l result in future. The stakeholders of the company Sunshine Ltd become interested in the change from straight to the sum of years' depreciation method (Waterston, 2006). The stakeholders were assured that by the application of the sum of years' method can be profitable for the company in coming few years. AASB16 set the accounting standard of the country and helps in the implementation of the decision. Intention of the changing of the depreciation method The accounting process straight-line depreciation method was the first accounting process of the company which was profitable for them till 2015. It was known by the record of the financial report of 2015. The expectations of the managements become increased day by day from the company. As per the opinion of the economist, the report of 2018-2019 can show a great fall for the effect of the markets of the coming years. As per the request of the accountant the management takes the decision to change the straight line depreciation method to the sum-of-years digit method for at least one year for more profit (Wolf, 2010). For the profit of the company the Sunshine Ltd includes the changing of the straight line depreciation method to the sum-of-years digit method which can be profitable for the upcoming few years. As the result of adopting this strategy when the companies will have a loss running the business, then this company will achieve the first position in the market of Australia. T o gain more profit was the main target to changing the accounting process from straight line depreciation method to sum of years method. Recommendations The recommendations that can be provided in this case of the Sunshine ltd are provided in the following points:- The straight line depreciation method undertaken by the company must be used for the betterment of the structure. The sum-of-years digit method is being used for showing the appropriate calculation of the process for the purpose of showing the running loss of the company and also the recovery can be easily made by implementing this method. Conclusion The economic report of 2015-2016, it was noticed that the company Sunshine Ltd was the second highest performing company in the Queensland of Australia. In 2014 Sunshine Ltd gave the highest level of business to the west area of the Queensland with the profit of 56%. In 2015 the profit increased 15.6% by the income of the last years. Many key issues like alternative funding sources, proper investment plan, making good marketing strategies are significantly prioritized by the company's progress report. For getting more profit, the company should adopt a policy by changing the straight line depreciation method to the sum of years digit method. This strategy was completely agreed by the accountant and the economist of the company Sunshine Ltd (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). Through this process, the company can achieve the top position in the market. To achieve the long-term goal for 2033, the company should prioritize their partners and their stakeholders and adopt more strategies which can be profitable for the company. References Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2012).Corporate finance. Harlow: Prentice Hall/Financial Times. Bhimani, A. and Dai, T. (2008).Management and cost accounting. Harlow: Prentice Hall/Financial Times. Bodnar, G. and Hopwood, W. (2013).Accounting information systems. Boston: Prentice Hall. Bragg, S. (2013).Accounting best practices, seventh edition. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Horngren, C. (2011).Cost accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Horngren, C. (2013).Accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Horngren, C. (2013).Financial accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Kew, J. and Watson, A. (2012).Financial accounting. Cape Town: Oxford University Press. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D. (2014).Financial accounting. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Education. Mott, G. (2008).Accounting fro Non-Accountants (7th Edition). London, GBR: Kogan Page, Limited. Rosen, H. (2005).Public finance. Boston, Mass. [u.a.]: McGraw-Hill. Schroeder, R., Clark, M. and Cathey, J. (2011).Financial accounting theory and analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Waterston, C. (2006).Financial Accounting. Pearson Education UK. Wolf, M. (2010).Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.

William Faulkner Essays (1600 words) - Modernist Literature

William Faulkner William Faulkner is viewed by many as America's greatest writer of prose fiction. He was born in New Albany, Mississippi where he lived a life filled with good times and bad times. However, despite bad times he would become known as a poet, a short story writer, and finally one of the greatest contemporary novelist of his time. William Faulkner's accomplishments resulted not only from his love and devotion of writing, but also from family, friends, and certain uncontrollable events. William Faulkner's life is an astonishing accomplishment; however, it is crucial to explore his life prior to his fixated writing career. In 1905, Faulkner entered the first grade at a tender age of eight, and immediately showed signs of talent. He not only drew an explicitly detailed drawing of a locomotive, but he soon became an honour-roll student: "His report card would show no grades below Perfect or Excellent" (Blotner 21). Throughout his early education he would work conscientiously at reading, spelling, writing, and arithmetic; however, he especially enjoyed drawing. His deportment at school was very high, but it was not as high as it was at home. When Faulkner got promoted to third grade, skipping the second grade, he was asked by his teacher what he wanted to be when he grew up, and he replied, "I want to be a writer just like my great granddaddy" (Blotner 23). At last, (in 1914) Faulkner took interest in poetry, but no one in Oxford could tell him what to do with his poems. Meanwhile, Faulkner, who is very talkative, would always entertain Katrina Carter and Estelle Oldham by telling them vividly imagined stories. Eventually, Faulkner grew very fond of Estelle in fact, if he heard her voice he would deliberately attempt to be spotted by Katrina in hopes that she asks him to join her. Estelle soon became the sole inspirer and recipient of Faulkner's earlier poems. Coincidentally, a gentleman named Phil Stone would fall in love with Estelle's friend, Katrina. As a result, Katrina had told Stone about Faulkner and his poetry. So one afternoon, Stone walked to Faulkner's home to get acquainted, and during his visit he received several written verses from Faulkner' poetry collections: "Anybody could have seen that he (Faulkner) had talent?it was perfectly obvious" (Blotner 44). Stone not only became Faulkner's close friend, but also a mentor to the young writer at the beginning of his career. Stone immediately gave the potential poet encouragement, advice, and models for his study of literature. For example, Stone would give practice drills in punctuation, as well as lecture Faulkner on goals and grammars. Meanwhile, Faulkner's main interest in school became athletics such as football and baseball, thus his grades started to deteriorate: "Bill showed absolutely no interest in the education being offered?He gazed out the windows, and answered the simplest questions with ?I don't know'" (Blotner 39). Eventually, he would quit both athletics and school altogether. In 1919, his first literary work was acknowledged and published in The New Republic. The poem is a forty-line verse with a French title that acknowledges the influence of the French Symbolist, "L'Apres-Midi d'un Faune." In September, Faulkner would enroll in the University of Mississippi, and during his academic years it did not deter him from writing more poems. The Mississippian, the student paper, published "Landing in Luck" by Faulkner- the story is a nine-page short story created from his direct experience in the Royal Air Force flight training in 1916. He has also written several other poems such as "Cathay", which is published in the Oxford Eagle and "Sapphic", which is published in The Mississippian. During the summer, Faulkner became a house painter in Oxford, and in the beginning of autumn he enrolled in the University of Mississippi; however, his early pattern of school started to take toll. Faulkner began to cut classes and finally just stopped going. Although, this time he participated in a drama club called "The Marionettes", and began to publish book reviews in The Mississippian. In the summer of 1921, Faulkner decided to take a trip to New York to receive some professional instructions from editors and critics, since Stone was busy with his academic studies. Faulkner stayed with a man named Stark Young, where they shared an incredibly small apartment. Later, Young introduced Faulkner to Elizabeth Prall of the Doubleday bookstore to see if she wanted some help prior to the Christmas rush. Reluctantly, Prall accepted and never regretted her choice since. "Faulkner made a good clerk-polite, interested, and one of the best salesman in the store?

The UK Banking Practice that led to financial crisis

The UK Banking Practice that led to financial crisis Introduction The issue of the global crisis is of great importance to business management and aspects of finance in any country. Crisis of the magnitude that was experienced is a real threat to the economy of any country and it is imperative for people to learn as much as they can to avoid the circumstance that lead to the crisis.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The UK Banking Practice that led to financial crisis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In The UK the financial crisis was less hard hitting than it was in the USA. The crisis is attributed to the mortgage business and chiefly to the lending services of banks. The culprit was banking practices that were not adequately regulated and not well adapted to changes. As a result, when the problems started arising it was too late to make any real changes. The government has tried its best to cushion the economy and has been successful in getting things back to normal little by little. It is only when the banking problems that led to the crisis are understood that measures against such a future problem can be anticipated and prevented. In the UK the crisis affected businesses as well as individuals. With a sluggish economy many consumers felt the pinch in spending and as a result, the economy suffered even more as spending became limited. Organizational context The research will be carried out in the organizational context of policies that govern the banking industry. This will reveal more directly the role that banks play and examine whether the policies facilitated in creation of the crisis. When the crisis was a phenomenon of banks in general it follows that there are certain characteristics of their practices that lent themselves to the crisis. Literature review According to Demirguc-Kunt and Detragiache (2002), one of the most important factors in banking is deposit insurance. Deposit insurance provides security in financial circles and enable economic crisis to e handled in ways that are not debilitating to the country. Demirguc-Kunt and Detragiache (2002), examined evidence taken from sixty-one banks between 1980 and 1997. Demirguc-Kunt and Detragiache (2002), found that for bank stability deposit insurance is necessary. These insurances are especially helpful in circumstances where there exists little regulation of interest rates. Additionally if the institutional environment is not strong, the insurance serves to create stability.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the case of UK crisis, the banking practices did not require explicit insurance that was relational to the risk taken. As a result the risks far outweighed the insurance. Even with the insurance compensation, the banks fell short of the amounts they needed to recoup. Goodhart (2008) offers the basic reasons why the cris is happened. What was reported in the USA had similarities with what was going on in the UK. Goodhart (2008) states the main reasons behind the crisis was mortgage backed securities, seemingly surpluses in global savings and macrostability (Goodhart 2008). As a result the market was overconfident and investments were not carefully construed. The UK drive to the crisis was the credit crunch. The credit crunch however was itself a direct result of the defaults in mortgage repayment and falling prices for the houses (Goodhart 2008). In addition, investor confidence was shaken and many tried to make withdrawals form banks and even long term securities. According to LaBrosse (2008), one of the reasons that the UK authorities decide to review the financial safety net was because of the crisis witness in the Nothern Rck Plc. The crisis revealed major failings in provision of adequate financial safety in cases of need. According to LaBrosse, the UK authorities responded by issuing recommend ations for the protection of depositors and in addition they suggested some reforms to the banking practices. According to LaBrosse (2008), one of the reasons for the crisis was due to no mandated regulators to minimize risk. This led to banks taking aggressive risks which did put the depositors’ accounts into risk. These choices were made without the appreciation of the long-term consequences of such risks. The taxpayers have also been furnished with little awareness and as a result they wee not able to make financially sound decisions. One of the consequences was that as soon as many realized the financial difficulties of financial institutions, they went ahead to withdraw their money from banks and other institutions. As a result, financial institutions were pushed towards bankrupts. In order to deal with the problem, one of the recommendations by UK authorities is for the use of a financial agency that is independent and which will work to minimize risk (Lacrosse 2008). T he FSCS can then liaise with parliament to come up with effective means of protecting depositors and tax payers. Public awareness would also be increased to avoid panic among depositors and increase sound judgment.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The UK Banking Practice that led to financial crisis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mcllroy (2008), also found that the reason for the crisis was the lack of sufficient trigger mechanisms in the financial sector. Had the triggers been in palace, the safety systems would have been able to respond in a timely manner and avoid further threats to the economy. According to Mcllroy (2008), to fully ensure financial stability the system lacked sufficient credible approach. Such an approach is important in order to regulate standards, supervision and management of smaller institutions so that they do not affect the entire system. However failure to have these support in pace aggravated the financial problems and instigated the crisis. Additionally Mcllroy (2008), states that due to the taxation procedures institutions that were taking excessive risks did not pay more taxes for their insurance. Had they paid more there would have been an easier way to recover losses for banks. Crick (1927) discussed the various ways in which banks manage their reserves. As they get investment, banks also lend money out. However they retain a certain amount so that their clients can also make withdrawals. It is the balance between the money lent and the money available for withdrawal that banks need to balance to ensure smooth running of their institutions. This is what is known as fractional reserve banking. This was one of the critical mistakes that banks in the UK made. They took too much risk and minimized their reserve. This in turn affected the mortgage sector. It is this practice that led to seeming surplus of cash in the world and the subsequent crisis. Shin (2009) explains the cause of the financial crisis to have had its origins in the Rock’s Bank depositor run. This had a negative effect on other banks with investor confidence shaken. The main cause of the Rock Bank problem was as a result of dependency on short term investment it took with investment institutions Lastra (2008) agrees with the effect that Bock bank had and the subsequent response of investor. According to Lastra (2008), bank regulations played a big part in the progression of the crisis. If there had been sufficient measures to aid the banks which were undergoing distress the crisis might not have progressed at the rate or extent that it did. According to Bicksler (2008), two factors have been proposed as the causes of the crisis and in particular the sub prime mortgage problems. One of this of the reasons has been given as inappropriate incentives that were geared towards securitization. The second reason given has been that there was mismanagement of informa tion whereby financial institutions, investment securitizes and investors did not have adequate information to sufficiently balance the flow of money in the mortgage sector.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Haubrich and Thomson (2008) state that due to the collective role that banks play in the financial industry it is by umbrella regulation that crisis can be effectively evaded. Accordingly having the government as part of the regulating team is beneficial so that there is more cohesion in regulatory measures. According to Bicksler (2008), a study into the issue has given evidence that indeed the securitization caused significant risks to be taken when determining the mortgages to approve. As a result greater risks were taken. In due course because of lack of sufficient management of risk there were more cases of default. Bicksler cites studies conducted that indicated that mortgages were given to increasingly less income applicants and with the loans came higher cases of default than would have occurred of the approval had not been lowered. In addition Bicksler states that loan borrowers were often not aware of the transactional cost and interest rates and as a result, they made deci sions that were too taxing increasing default rates. Bicksler (2008) examined studies that have been done regarding homeowners and found that indeed many of them were not sufficiently informed about the taxes, fees and interests that their purchases would accrue. According to Bicksler (2008), economics attribute much of the financial crisis in the mortgage sector to the homebuyers’ financial illiteracy. Another important contribution to banking practices and the crisis is what Schwartz and Seabrooke (2008) regarded as relationship between the political and economic realities with finances. According to Schwartz and Seabrooke (2008), there exists a strong relationship between the financial institutions and politics. As a result, banking financial institutions can be influenced by the politics of the land and negatively affect their activities or practices. Additionally, the UK insurance which is mostly managed by government is not as effective as those run by private sector. T his is because negative impact in the deposits is higher government run schemes. One of the points that Schwartz and Seabrooke (2008) make is that housing finance which is mostly conducted by banks has ballot box implications. As a result politicians are not always quick to respond to the situation and downplay the extent of the crisis for political reasons. The crisis was an indicator of problems that the UK authorities would want to deal with before losing public confidence. The public reaction is also tied in with preference for interest taxes, taxation and spending. The banking system which ought to be more accountable relied on the government to cushion their losses. However, it is important for banks to have independent overseers who can be expected to be neutral and respond to financial issues with the investors’ interest. Schwartz and Seabrooke (2008) argue that in an economy where there are housing ownership inequalities, many people take advantage of additional mean to get loans so that they can escape taxes or defer their loan payments. This presented problems to banking systems which require the repayments for their running. As Schwartz and Seabrooke (2008) found out some of the people who acquired new mortgage loans were purchasing second homes or refinancing. There was therefore a financial burden placed on banks leading to the financial crisis. Honohan and Klingebiel (2003) support Schwartz and Seabrooke (2008) in stating that banking lending and repayment is a delicate procedure. Honohan and Klingebiel (2003) states that all economies that face crisis find that they need to drastically reform their banking system. This underscores the importance of banking systems to the stability of a country’s financial stability. In the face of a crisis like the one in UK, banking practices did not rise up to the occasion as they required accommodating policies. These policies are inclusive of limited recapitalization, government bail out, open -ended liquidity support and blanket deposit guarantees. These measures spread over to several banks led to fiscal cut backs. As government spending was limited the effect was further passed to tax payers leading to aggravation of the financial crisis. The Office for National Statistics (2010) has released correction notice that is mean to serve as an indicator of measures that will be used in future to generate intervention to prevent crisis. This is because the government realized that early intervention is critical to containing the effects of financial instabilities. The bank sector for example is one in which information to users can greatly enhance their knowledge of changing economic situations. This can help people to make better decisions and be aware of the trends. Sample The sample will consist of several banks in different towns and of different sizes. The sample will be selected randomly to ensure that different types of banks are represented. The sample will consist of Mortgage loans data from banks and lending repayment. In addition it will include the policies regarding mortgage loans. Methods The method to be used will be data from banks and economic statistics. The survey will examine banks policies in issuing mortgage loans, interest rates and rates of defaulting. Constrains, limitation and ethical issues One of the constrains of the research is that it cannot cover all the areas that would be poignant to the study. Financial situations are affected by more than just one factor. As a result, interdependent factors should be examined to ascertain the proper conclusions are reached. A limitation for the study will be finances. In order to undertake a good research the research would require a lot of finances to study as many banks as possible. In addition, a study of government and its financial policies would enrich the study and make it comprehensive. Limitation of time will also be experienced. With a limited time frame the study can not be as broad as it could be. The sample will have to be representative of other banks. One of the ethical issues will be confidentiality. Since the financial transactions of bank customers are supposed to be confidential and private, the study will need to come up with a way of ensuring that personal information is excluded from the study. Personal or identifying data will be exempted form the study. Another ethical issue will be maintaining confidentiality of bank information. Banks also have information that they like to keep private. The study will ensure that all confidential materials are kept confidential. The research will provide confidential agreements so that those they deal with can be assured of their privacy and confidentiality. References Bicksler, J., (2008) The sub prime mortgage debacle and its and its linkages to corporate governance. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 5 (4), pp. 295-300. Crick, W. F., (1927) The genesis of bank deposits. Economica, 7 (20), pp.191–202. Demirguc-kunt, A. and Detragiache, S., (20020 Does deposit insurance increase banking system stability? An empirical investigation. Journal of Monetary Economics, 47 (7), pp 1373-1406 Goodhart, C. A., (2008) The background to the 2007 financial crisis. International  Economics and Economic Policy, 4(4), pp. 331-346. Haubrich, J. G. and Thomson, J. B., (2008) Umbrella supervision and the role of the central bank. Journal of Banking Regulation, 10 (1), pp. 17-27. Honohan, P. and Klingebiel, D., (2003) The fiscal cost implications of an accommodating approach to banking crises. Journal of Banking and Finance, 27 (8), pp 1539–1560. LaBrosse, J. R., (2008) Time to fix the plumbing: Improving the UK framework following the collapse f Northern Rock. Journal of Banking Regulation, 9 (4), pp 293-301. Lastra, R. M., (2008) Nort Rock UK Bank insolvency and cross-border bank insolvency.  Journal of Banking Regulation, 9 (3), pp.165–186. Mcllroy, D. H. , (2008) Regulating risk: a risk measured response to the banking crisis.  Journal of Banking Regulation, 9 (4), pp. 284-292. Office for National Statistics., (2010) Financial crisis and recession: How ONS has addressed the statistical and analytical challenges. Economic and Labor Market Review, 4 (1), pp. 30-35. 10. Schwartz, H. and  Seabrooke, L., (2008) varieties of residential capitalism in the international political economy: old welfare states and the new politics of housing. Comparative European Politics, 6 (3), pp. 237–261. Shin, H. S.,(2009) Reflections on Northern Rock: the bank run that heralded the global financial crisis. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 23 (1), pp. 101–119.

Business Memo with Documented Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Memo with Documented - Research Paper Example According to the International Monetary Fund (2012), Japan’s Gross Domestic Per capita for 2011 was 34, 600 US dollars. This provides a high market for Està ©e Lauder Cosmetic Incorporation’s products in Japan. Japan has a low unemployment rate of 4 percent and a low average inflation rate of 2.1 percent. Japan’s economy is exceedingly proficient and competitive in fields associated with international trade. Over the three past decades, Japan experienced a rapid economic growth (Karan, 2010). There is a high rate of investments by other foreign companies in the country thus providing a wider market for Està ©e Lauder Cosmetic Incorporation products. Japan is home to 68 of the 500 most developed companies in the world. Tokyo, the capital city, is the leading metropolitan economy in the world. With its aging and high income population, Està ©e Lauder Cosmetic Incorporation is assured of market for its products. According to the CIA World Fact Book (2012), Japan is under a constitutional monarchy headed by a Prime minister. Customarily, the cabinet ministers rely on bureaucrats for policy schemes and legislature drafting. The cabinet ministers control the issuance of trade licenses, and authorize and controls business activity in the country. The function of government institutions in Japan’s economy has been reforming over the past years. The government freely permits all foreign exchange transactions to and from Japan. These foreign transactions also include the interests, transfers of profits and dividends, royalties and fees, repayment of principal and repatriation of capital. Formal sanctions on the allotment of foreign exchange and the majority of limitations on foreign investment have been eliminated (Karan, 2010). This presents Està ©e Lauder Cosmetic Incorporation with an opportunity to trade freely and effectively in the country. As indicated by the International Monetary Fund (2012), Japan is highly